Splinter hemorrhages are small, linear, reddish-brown streaks that appear under the nails, typically oriented along the length of the nail bed. These streaks resemble splinters, hence the name, and are caused by tiny blood clots that accumulate in the capillaries under the nail. The condition can be indicative of various health issues, ranging from minor trauma to more serious systemic conditions. Common causes include physical injury or repetitive trauma to the nail, which can rupture the capillaries and lead to bleeding beneath the nail. However, splinter hemorrhages can also signal underlying medical conditions such as endocarditis (infection of the heart's inner lining), vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels), or certain autoimmune disorders. They can occasionally be seen in association with conditions like psoriasis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Treatment for splinter hemorrhages typically focuses on addressing the underlying cause. If they result from minor trauma, the condition usually resolves on its own as the nail grows out and the affected area is replaced by healthy nail tissue. In cases where splinter hemorrhages are linked to an underlying health condition, managing the primary illness is crucial. This may involve antibiotics for infections, medications for autoimmune diseases, or other specific treatments as directed by a healthcare provider. While splinter hemorrhages themselves generally do not require treatment, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to rule out or manage any serious underlying conditions associated with their appearance.
